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Saturday, September 28, 2013

Microsoft + Nokia = what comes next?


from:http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021743100_microsoftnokiaxml.html
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Microsoft buys Nokia’s phone business

Microsoft is paying $5 billion for Nokia’s Devices and Services Business. In addition, it is paying about $2.18 billion to license Nokia’s patents and to license and use Nokia’s mapping services.
Seattle Times staff reporter
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Microsoft is buying Nokia’s cellphone handset business as part of a $7.2 billion deal, the two companies announced Monday.
The acquisition represents an aggressive move by Microsoft to compete in the smart-devices market, as the company transforms itself into a devices-and-services business.
“To accelerate our growth in the phone business, we thought it was important to move even faster,” Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said in a phone interview.
Microsoft is paying $5 billion for Nokia’s Devices and Services Business. In addition, it is paying about $2.18 billion to license Nokia’s patents and to license and use Nokia’s mapping services.
The businesses that Microsoft is getting from Nokia brought in about $19.7 billion revenue in 2012, about half of Nokia’s sales that year.
Nokia retains other substantial parts of its business, including networking infrastructure and services, technology development and licensing, and mapping and location services.
Microsoft and Nokia, both of which have struggled to compete against Apple and Google Android phones, have been close partners since Nokia announced in February 2011 that it was making Windows Phone its primary smartphone operating system. Its Lumia line of Windows Phone has been credited with Windows Phone’s gain over the past several months, even as the operating system struggles to build beyond its currently worldwide market share of about 3.3 percent
With the acquisition, instead of having to go through two companies for each innovation or marketing move, “we remove any boundaries in agility,” Ballmer said.

Sunday, September 01, 2013

Maksud SuperGlobal - Pembolehubah Global PHP

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Pembolehubah Global PHP  - Superglobals
«Bab sebelumnya        
Superglobals telah diperkenalkan dalam PHP 4.1.0, dan terbina dalam pembolehubah yang sentiasa ada dalam semua skop.
Pembolehubah Global PHP - Superglobals
Beberapa pembolehubah yang telah ditetapkan dalam PHP adalah "superglobals", yang bermaksud bahawa mereka sentiasa diakses tanpa mengira skop - dan anda boleh mengakses mereka dari mana-mana functionclass atau file tanpa perlu melakukan apa-apa yang khusus.
Pembolehubah PHP Superglobal adalah:
  • $ GLOBALS
  • $ _SERVER
  • $ _REQUEST
  • $ _POST
  • $ _GET
  • $ _FILES
  • $ _ENV
  • $ _COOKIE
  • $ _SESSION
Bab ini akan menjelaskan beberapa superglobals, dan selebihnya akan diterangkan dalam bab seterusnya.
PHP $ GLOBAL
$GLOBALS adalah sejenis superglobal variable PHP yang digunakan untuk mengakses global variable dari mana-mana tempat dalam skrip PHP (juga dari dalam function atau method).
PHP menyimpan semua pembolehubah global dalam variable yang dipanggil $GLOBALS [index] di mana index itu mewakili nama sesuatu variable.
Contoh di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana untuk menggunakan  $GLOBALS:
Contoh
$x = 75;
$y = 25;

function addition()
{
$GLOBALS['z'] = $GLOBALS['x'] + $GLOBALS['y'];
}

addition();
echo $z;
?>
Dalam contoh di atas, oleh kerana z berada di dalam array $GLOBALS, ia juga boleh diakses di luar function!
PHP $ _SERVER
$_SERVER memegang maklumat mengenai headerpath, dan location skrip.
Contoh di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana untuk menggunakan beberapa elemen dalam $_SERVER:
Contoh
echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'];
echo "
";
echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
echo "
";
echo $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
echo "
";
echo $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'];
echo "
";
echo $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
echo "
";
echo $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'];
?>
Jadual berikut menyenaraikan elemen yang paling penting yang boleh dimasukkan ke dalam $_SERVER:
Element/Code
Description
$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']
Returns the filename of the currently executing script
$_SERVER['GATEWAY_INTERFACE']
Returns the version of the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) the server is using
$_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR']
Returns the IP address of the host server
$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']
Returns the name of the host server (such as www.w3schools.com)
$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE']
Returns the server identification string (such as Apache/2.2.24)
$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']
Returns the name and revision of the information protocol (such as HTTP/1.1)
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']
Returns the request method used to access the page (such as POST)
$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME']
Returns the timestamp of the start of the request (such as 1377687496)
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']
Returns the query string if the page is accessed via a query string
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT']
Returns the Accept header from the current request
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET']
Returns the Accept_Charset header from the current request (such as utf-8,ISO-8859-1)
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']
Returns the Host header from the current request
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']
Returns the complete URL of the current page (not reliable because not all user-agents support it)
$_SERVER['HTTPS']
Is the script queried through a secure HTTP protocol
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
Returns the IP address from where the user is viewing the current page
$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST']
Returns the Host name from where the user is viewing the current page
$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT']
Returns the port being used on the user's machine to communicate with the web server
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']
Returns the absolute pathname of the currently executing script
$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN']
Returns the value given to the SERVER_ADMIN directive in the web server configuration file (if your script runs on a virtual host, it will be the value defined for that virtual host) (such as someone@w3scholls.com)
$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']
Returns the port on the server machine being used by the web server for communication (such as 80)
$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE']
Returns the server version and virtual host name which are added to server-generated pages
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED']
Returns the file system based path to the current script
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']
Returns the path of the current script
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_URI']
Returns the URI of the current page
PHP $ _REQUEST
PHP $_REQUEST digunakan untuk mengumpul data selepas pengguna menghantar HTML form.
Contoh di bawah menunjukkan satu HTML Form dengan input field dan submit button. Apabila pengguna mengklik pada "Submit", data dihantar kefile yang dinyatakan pada elemen action dalam tag
. Dalam contoh ini, data dihantar kepada 
file yang sama untuk pemprosesan. Jika anda ingin menggunakan file yang lain, gantikan dengan nama file pilihan anda. Kemudian, kita boleh menggunakan superglobal variable $_REQUEST untuk mengumpul data tadi:
Contoh




Name:


$name = $_REQUEST['fname'];
echo $name;
?>
($_REQUEST is a merging of $_GET and $_POST where $_POST overrides $_GET. Good to use $_REQUEST on self refrential forms for validations.)
($_REQUEST adalah gabungan $_GET dan $_POST di mana server akan memberi keutamaan kepada variable $_POST. Sesuai untuk panggilan kepada file sendiri.)
PHP $_POST
PHP $_POST digunakan secara meluas untuk mengumpul data selepas HTML Form dihantar oleh pengguna menggunakan kaedah "post".
Contoh di bawah menunjukkan satu HTML Form dengan input field dan submit button. Apabila pengguna menghantar data dengan mengklik pada "Submit" button, data dihantar kepada file yang dinyatakan pada elemen action dalam
itu. Dalam contoh ini, data di hantar kepada 
file yang sama untuk pemprosesan. Jika anda ingin menggunakan file yang lain, gantikan dengan nama file pilihan anda. Kemudian, kita boleh menggunakan superglobal variable $_POST untuk mengumpul data tadi:
Contoh




Name:


$name = $_POST['fname'];
echo $name;
?>
PHP $_GET
PHP $_GET digunakan untuk mengumpul data selepas HTML Form dihantar dengan menggunakan kaedah “GET”.
$_GET juga boleh mengumpul data yang terdapat di dalam alamat URL.
Andaikan kita mempunyai halaman HTML yang mengandungi link dengan parameter:
Apabila pengguna mengklik pada link "Test $GET", parameter "subject" dan "web" dihantar ke file "test_get.php". Kemudiannya, anda boleh mendapatkan kedua-dua nilai input ini dengan menggunakan variable $_GET.
Contoh di bawah menunjukkan kod dalam "test_get.php":
Contoh



echo "Study " . $_GET['subject'] . " at " . $_GET['web'];
?>

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